Introduction
Landowners should have a
Management Plan that considers their long-term objectives.
Management plans consider forest health, water quality, wildlife
habitat, future income potential, and other factors important to
the landowner. How timber is harvested will affect all of these
and much more. Remember, any mistakes made during harvest may
take years to correct as nature heals slowly. So, get a
Management Plan before you harvest!
Consulting foresters, industry
landowner assistance foresters, Arkansas Game and Fish
Commission biologists, AFC County Foresters or other forestry
professionals can assist in the planning process. Usually,
landowners with professional assistance receive more income than
landowners without professional help. The timber stand after
harvest is also generally left in better biological condition
when professional assistance is used. If you need a Management
Plan, AFC
County Foresters will examine your property and write a
management plan at no cost. Deciding when to harvest trees on
your property is the most important timber management decision
you will make. Harvesting done properly promotes healthier
forests.
This timber buyer’s list is
available to Arkansas landowners to assist in the marketing of
Arkansas’ timber resources. The Arkansas Forestry Commission
does not assume responsibility for the actions of individuals or
firms listed and do not imply endorsement of any particular
listing. The AFC offers their programs to all eligible persons
regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, age, or
handicap, and are Equal Opportunity Employers.
Recommended Guidelines When Conducting a
Timber Sale
- Have a forest management plan
or harvest plan developed well before the harvest commences.
- Determine exactly what you are
selling. Marking the individual trees to be removed in a
selective harvest provides no room for misunderstanding.
- A diameter cut generally
"high grades" the stand and is not recommended.
- Plan to regenerate after a
total harvest. Set aside timber sale money to do this.
Information about cost share programs for site preparation
and re-planting costs can be obtained from your local AFC
County Forester. A
list
of forestry vendors and a
list
of Consulting Foresters is available on the AFC web
page. Develop a plan and make your forest sustainable for
many years to come.
- Clearly mark or survey harvest
boundaries, and inform all adjoining property landowners of
the proposed timber harvest.
- Mark or define any place on
the property that is unique, has ecological value, or is
historically significant.
- Solicit the cooperation of
others in watching over your trees. Absentee landowners are
particularly vulnerable to timber theft. Get to know other
landowners near the property. Neighborhood Watch groups work
in the country as well as in the city.
- A hunting club lease should
include year long monitoring of the property for unlawful
trespass or theft have lease holders report any illegal
activities to you and local law enforcement authorities.
- Do not disturb threatened or
endangered species’ habitat.
- Property located in the city
limits may need a permit before the harvest begins.
- Is there a mortgage on your
land? If so, obtain the mortgage holder’s written
permission before selling any timber.
- Determine the tax liability of
income generated from a timber harvest before
selling. Many expenses associated with a timber harvest are
deductable. Timber Tax information is available from the National
Timber Tax web site, the
USDA
Forest Service, and the USDA
Forest Service Southern Region. Forms and publications
are available through the IRS.
- Determine if it is a good time
to sell the particular species and products on your tract.
Talk to consultants, foresters, or neighbors that have sold
timber in your general area in the recent past. Quarterly
timber market reports for Arkansas called Timber
Mart South can be obtained from the Arkansas
Cooperative Extension Service’s county offices.
These reports contain average prices and may not necessarily
reflect how much your timber is worth. The distance to the mill,
size of the tract, accessibility, time of year, tree
quality, and tree size all affect the price of timber.
- Don’t accept the first
offer. Solicit as many bids as possible. Do some planning
and pre-sale work before advertising for competitive bids.
Prepare an "Invitation to Bid "packet for
prospective buyers.
- Develop a good timber contract
that protects both the seller and the buyer. Don’t use the
"hand shake" method when selling timber. Have
enough provisions in the contract to protect you and your
property. Overly restrictive contracts may "scare
off" prospective buyers. A sample Timber Sale Contract (sample 1 and sample 2) and Bid Form (sample 1 and sample 2) are available from
the Forestry Commission.
- Logger references can be
checked from other landowners having their tracts harvested
or you can examine previous harvest areas.
- Logging contractors should
have adequate liability insurance.
- Make sure the logger uses Arkansas’
Best Management Practices (BMPs) to protect water
quality and soil productivity.
- Consult with the logger who is
harvesting your stand. Make sure he knows where fences and
property lines are and what you expect upon completion of
the harvest.
- Monitor the logging operation
to make sure the contract provisions are being honored.
- Upon completion of the
harvest, make sure the tract has been "closed out"
properly.
- And finally, follow your
property’s forest management plan schedule for your next
timber harvest!
Additional Harvesting
Information
Volume Conversion Factors
Arkansas Severance Tax Laws Use
the Following Conversion Factors
Sawlogs:
Pine - 8 Tons = 1 Thousand Board Feet (MBF) Doyle Log Rule
Hardwood - 8 Tons = 1 MBF Doyle Log Rule
Pulpwood:
Pine - 2.5 Tons = 1 Cord
Hardwood - 3.0 Tons = 1 Cord
These
conversion factors are averages. For example, 1 MBF of large
pine sawtimber can weigh 5.9 tons while 1 MBF of small pine
sawtimber can weigh 9.8 tons. Hardwood log weights vary between
different species.
Other
Conversion Factors Used
MBF-
International-1/4 x 0.74 = MBF Doyle Log Rule
MBF
- Scribner Log Rule X 0.78 = MBF Doyle Log Rule
MBF
- USFS Scribner Log Rule X 0.814 = MBF Doyle Log Rule
Pine/Hardwood
- 85 Solid Cubic Feet = 1 Cord
Pine/Hardwood
- 128 Area Cubic Feet (4’X 4’X 8’)= 1 Cord
Approximately
750,000 acres of Arkansas timberland is harvested annually either
by the selection, seed tree, shelterwood, or clear-cut methods.
The value of this annual harvest is estimated at $625,000,000.
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